1998

S7.E1 ∙ El país roto, Las guerras de Miguel Ramos Arizpe

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Ramos Arizpe was a witness to the decline of the Spanish monarchy and the change in status that brought Mexico from a colony to independence. He was a representative of Provinces of the East and West in the Courts of Cadiz in 1811 and was jailed in Spain for his liberal ideas. With independence recently consolidated, he was one of the principal writers of the Constitution of 1824. The influence his ideas had on the course of the turbulent history of the nineteenth century was of capital importance for the formation of Mexico as a nation.

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S7.E2 ∙ Maximiliano y Carlota Capítulo I, El sueño Imperial

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

At the end of 1861, the French Empire undertakes a military intervention in Mexico to impose a monarchical government headed by the archduke Fernando Maximiliano de Habsburgo. In the space of six years the monarchy was not able to consolidate itself, the international situation turned against France and Napoleon III decided to end his adventure in Mexico, leaving Maximilian abandoned to his own fate.

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S7.E3 ∙ Maximiliano y Carlota Capítulo II, El poder y la alcoba

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Maximilian's empire left a deep mark on the history and cultural patrimony of Mexico. To the surprise of many of their conservative followers, the imperial couple ratified liberal laws, promulgated works of social welfare and laid out an interesting legislation regarding the indigenous populations, something without precedent in the nineteenth century. They made an impression on art and urbanism that endures to this day. For three years, Maximilian and Carlota exerted their power in Mexico, and their work as governors and the conjectures over their intimate life continue to be an intriguing and seductive enigma.

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S7.E4 ∙ Maximiliano y Carlota Capítulo III, El drama de Querétaro

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

The epilogue to the Second Mexican Empire occurs in Queretaro. Maximilian is taken prisoner, tried and shot by the republics justice system. Such occurrences not only mark the end of the tragic life of a prince, but also signal the failure of any possible foreign intervention in Mexico. With the empire of Maximilian defeated, Juárez entrance into the capital of the country on July 15, 1867 symbolized Mexico's commitment to the path of political and economic liberalism and a definitive independence: Mexico was reborn.

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S7.E5 ∙ La paz sin fronteras, El México de Isidro Fabela

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

The man, the politician and the journalist Isidro Fabela was born in Atlacomulco in Mexico state during the height of Porfirio Díaz's regime. During the first few years of the twentieth century he formed part of an academic youth association, where he interacted with young intellectuals such as José Vasconcelos and Antonio Caso. He became involved with the revolution run by Madero and during the government of Carranza he began a diplomatic career that would be fundamental for Mexico's foreign relations in the years following the Revolution.

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S7.E6 ∙ Mexiquenses eminentes

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Mexico state is the home of characters who have risen in prominence in all spheres of the nation's doings. From the king poet Nezahualcóyotl to Adolfo López Mateos, the president who nationalized the electric industry, the audience will be able to run through the history of Mexico guided by the words and deeds of poets, politicians, ideologues, painters, scientists, men and women who influenced the nation's destiny in crucial moments. Nezahualcóyotl, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, José María Cos, José Velasco, Andrés Molina Enríquez, Gustavo Baz y Adolfo López Mateos.

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S7.E7 ∙ Fidel Velázquez, El viejo lobo

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Fidel Velázquez began his activities as a union leader in the ranks of the Regional Confederation of Mexican Workers, supported by a group known as "the little wolves". Years later he joined forces with Vicente Lombardo Toledano and together they founded the Confederation of Workers of Mexico, the CTM. During the six-year term of President Lázaro Cárdenas, Velázquez achieved consolidating himself as the great leader of the principal worker's group of Mexico.

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S7.E8 ∙ Chiapas: La guerra y la paz, 1994-2004

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program is a recounting of the struggles of the indigenous people of Chiapas, from their origins to the current day. The documentary provides a revisionist take on the neo-Zapatista uprising from its appearance in 1994 until December of 2004. It is a reflection on the achievements and challenges that have been generated by one of the most transcendental conflicts of contemporary political history.

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S7.E9 ∙ Madero y Carranza, El Apóstol y el Barón

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Venustiano Carranza y Francisco Madero, both from the state Coahuila, were born fourteen years apart in the last decades of the nineteenth century. Descendents of families that fought for the sovereignty of their state against the French intervention, Carranza and Madero found themselves, each in his own way, confronting the dictatorship of Porfirio Díaz. Madero, the first leader of the Mexican Revolution was not a rural peasant nor a worker: he was a well-to-do heir of one of the richest families in the country. Carranza had a vision for the future of the twentieth century.

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S7.E10 ∙ Radiografía del cacique mexicano

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

In this program the different forms of cacisquismo (authoritarian, regional leadership by one) in Mexico, from the rise of the first prehispanic societies to the latest political happenings. Throughout our history, the presence of strong leadership has always been present as an institution on the margins of the law, but until now it has always been accepted as a determining factor - for the good and, in the majority of cases, for the bad - of regional and national politics in this country.

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S7.E11 ∙ La corrupción nuestra de cada día

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

What are the costs of corruption? Are we Mexicans corrupt by nature? This program reflects on these fundamental themes since corruption has stamped its ways and culture on this country causing enormous economic, political and social costs as well as a great deal of citizen disappointment in state institutions.

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S7.E12 ∙ Coahuila siglo XX, Vivir el desierto

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Toward the end of the nineteenth century, with Porfirio Díaz in power, the state of Coahuila, one of the most desolate and least populated regions of the earth, began to show signs of amazing vitality. The discovery of enormous coal mines, the progression of a vast landed estate dedicated to cotton production in La Laguna, and shortly after, the development of the steel and iron industry headed by Altos Hornos de México all made the state a bastion of Mexican industrialization. From its new industrial orientation, linked to the automotive industry and high-quality manufacturing, Coahuila faces the challenges of global competition.

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S7.E13 ∙ Nuevo León Siglo XX (1900-1973), Nacimiento de un gigante

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

With the Revolution barely passed, the capital of the state Nuevo Leon began to emerge as the of an alternative power to that of Mexico City. Home to successful businessmen and profitable industries and businesses, the economic power and independence of its businessmen and workers stirred up strong conflicts with the federal government, which was not accustomed to yield in its pretensions. The socialist education program of President Cárdenas; Fidel Velázquez's inability to incorporate his workers into the CTM; the rejection of the program of free text books, and the final face-off with President Echeverría - which would end with the death of biggest businessman in the region, don Eugenio Garza Sada, are some of the chapters of this story.

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S7.E14 ∙ Nuevo León Siglo XX (1973-2005), La apuesta de Monterrey

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

From the banking freeze enacted by President López Portillo, to the current democratic transition of Fox, the adjustments in the economy and in society in Nuevo Leon have had unique characteristics. As a conclusion to the series, in this program we present the voices of the greatest protagonists from Nuevo Leon, who speak out about the big issues of yesterday, today and the immediate future: their relationship with Mexico City and the United States, their ideas about work, savings, nationalism and the value of culture. The regional integration with Texas; the TLC and global competency and competition and an evaluation of the years to come.

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S7.E15 ∙ Neoleoneses eminentes

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This history of one of the most important states in the country can be told through the lives of seven of its most important protagonists. Luis de Carvajal, founder and installer of the first government; Fray Servando Teresa de Mier, figure of independence; Santiago Vidaurri, the prototype of the great regional cacique (local boss) of the nineteenth century; Ignacio Zaragoza, his short-sighted provincial vision to one that recognized a country in ruins that needed men for its defense; Bernardo Reyes, great conciliator between the National Palace and the turbulent Mexican northeast; Alfonso Reyes, the height of literary and; Eugenio Garza Sada, icon of entrepreneurial spirit and promoter of social welfare from private initiative. These figures form the links of this chain of images that tell the history of Nuevo Leon.

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S7.E16 ∙ Estado de México siglo XX, Expansión y desafíos

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

The Mexican Revolution is one of the major watershed events in the history of contemporary Mexico. The men of the post-revolution began a reconstruction of their smaller homelands, like Don Isidro Fabela with his important work as governor. If it is true that, since then, Mexico state achieved national prominence in almost every field, it is also true that it has run upon hard times, above all due to the unmeasured expansion in the so-called metropolitan zone, problems with contamination, the gradual exhaustion of its natural resources, overpopulation in its urban areas, etc. All of these issues will have to become part of the agenda for Mexico state as it faces the twenty-first century.

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S7.E17 ∙ Noreste histórico, El carácter de la lejanía

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

More than four hundred years ago, a new conquest of Mexico, very different from the one undertaken by Cortés in Tenochtitlán, took place in the north of New Spain. While looking for mines and cities of gold, the greedy adventurers found arid lands, a horrendous climate and a ferocious enemy that would have preferred death to submission: the Chichimeca Indians. This documentary shows how the profile of the northerner of today owes his essential characteristics to this history: self-affirmation, valor, leadership, a sense of risk and love for individual freedom are all part of what have come to be called the 'demeanor of distance'.

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S7.E18 ∙ Haciendo contacto, Historia de las comunicaciones en México

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program presents communications and transportation as the driving forces of history in Mexico. This is a review of technological advances, from standard mail to e-mail, from carriages to planes and from telegraphs to artificial satellites. What does the future hold for us?

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S7.E19 ∙ Historia de los impuestos

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program presents an interesting trip through the history of tributary activity in Mexico, from the prehispanic era until the current day. The documentary exposes the social prejudices that promote tax evasion and the inefficiency that for a long time has characterized the process of collection, and finally etches out the importance of tax revenues for the development of Mexico.

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S7.E20 ∙ Reformas del Estado, El debate fiscal

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Due to the current economic situation of the country, the federal government proposed a series of measures in its financial policies which make up the Fiscal Reform. Such reform is made up of, among other things, a readjustment of fiscal collection. After a large media campaign and long debate, the Congress of the Union played out one of the most distasteful conflicts in its history. After alliances, ruptures and back-and-forths, the Congress voted against the Fiscal Reform, blocking one of the political platforms of the federal government and, perhaps, the reform that the country needs more than any other.

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S7.E21 ∙ Pasado y futuro laboral

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program is a retelling of the history of the worker's movement in Mexico. It begins by looking at the first organizations formed by mutual alliance or within an anarcho-syndicalist context, created during the last decades of the nineteenth century, as well as the different legislations implemented, such as Article 123 in 1917, the Federal Labor Law in 1931 and the creation of the Secretariat of Labor in 1941. It proceeds to examine the labor reforms that different political parties have proposed in recent years. It then looks at the birth of new organizations, like the National Union of Workers: the agreements that are derived from economic globalization and the end of PRI presidentialism. Finally, it centers on the new political context and the debate that has arisen due to the Labor Reform proposed by the Secretary of Labor of the past government.

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S7.E22 ∙ 120 años de BANAMEX

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Since its birth in 1884, throughout 120 years, the National Bank of Mexico has played a key role in the economic development of the country. During the regime of Porfirio Díaz, it was there as the central bank. During the period of construction following the Revolution it financed industrialization and modern agriculture; at the end of the 1960's it introduced the credit card; it was nationalized in 1982 and re-privatized during the 90's. It resisted the grave crisis that was opened up by Fobaproa. In the new century Banamex was acquired by CitiGroup Bank and continues serving the development of the country.

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S7.E23 ∙ El Globo, 120 años de una dulce tradición

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

An historic and anecdotal trip about one of the oldest bakeries in Mexico City. Confection is the art of making pastries, pastes, sweet and confites. El Globo has been working for 120 years making fine pastries and good bread, a long history that it shares with its workers. A life of efforts and memories. El Globo, 120 years of tradition.

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S7.E24 ∙ Forma y concepto, Los grupos en el arte mexicano (1968-1983)

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

During the 1960's, Mexican art underwent the most important transformation that is was to have in the twentieth century. Adapting themselves to the post-68 situation in Mexico and trying to salvage the theories of Mexican art from the Mexican School, groups of artists created collectives which sought to address the public and create new ways to understand art. They distanced themselves from the notion of art as object, and created, on a par with the rest of the world, new codes and artistic languages that would remain the techniques and artistic structures until the end of the millennium. This documentary attempts to rescue these pioneering groups in the Mexican avant garde.

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S7.E25 ∙ La metamorfosis condenada, El arte mexicano de los 80's (1983-1988)

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Mexican art of the 1980's showed a new profile of Mexican society, adapting itself to the economic crisis which occurred in Mexico as well as to the economic changes worldwide. A growing art market brought conservative tendencies to Mexican art, however this aesthetic visual conservatism sketches out what would be the general trend of an art that would insert itself in the avant garde of the global art scene.

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S7.E26 ∙ Los Reconquistadores, Cineastas en Estados Unidos y México

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program is a reflection on the boom of Mexican cinema in Hollywood. It examines the different motives that compelled various Mexican film makers to work in the Unided States while considering the reasons that others decided to stay in Mexico. Salma Hayek, Alfonso Arau and other personalities narrate their personal challenges and triumphs in Hollywood.

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S7.E27 ∙ Una mirada al infinito: La materia, 1a. Parte

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Looking at the sky to find out where we are, living in the world and classifying its different parts, dissecting, observing, analyzing, revealing - Science, something complicated and alien to the majority of the population, is the result of the innate desire of humankind to ''Know''. On this occasion ''New-Century Mexico'' spends time with the leading laboratories and centers of investigation in order to listen to the voices of those who, committed to the understanding of man and his surroundings, give guidelines for the development of technology that will make our lives easier: Mexicans have transcended their space to reach the international sphere, belying the myth that Mexico ''doesn't do'' science.

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S7.E28 ∙ Una mirada al infinito: La vida 2a. Parte

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Looking at the sky to find out where we are, living in the world and classifying its different parts, dissecting, observing, analyzing, revealing - Science, something complicated and alien to the majority of the population, is the result of the innate desire of humankind to ''Know''. On this occasion ''New-Century Mexico'' spends time with the leading laboratories and centers of investigation in order to listen to the voices of those who, committed to the understanding of man and his surroundings, give guidelines for the development of technology that will make our lives easier: Mexicans have transcended their space to reach the international sphere, belying the myth that Mexico ''doesn't do'' science.

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S7.E29 ∙ Chabelo: El amigo de todos los niños

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Xavier López 'Chabelo' has been one of the most loved characters of Mexican popular culture for fifty years, being an ingenuous yet at the same time brisk and sharp child. A simple and sensitive case of unusual longevity in world television, Chabelo has arrived at the twenty-first century at the same age at which he first became known. The identification between Xavier López and Chabelo is so great that the life of one could not be understood without the other.

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S7.E30 ∙ Tianguis y mercados de México

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program provides a journey through the most representative markets of a megalopolis. After an historic look at some of the types of provisions and the commercialization of supplies and other products in Mexico - Tenochtitlan and in the capital of New Spain, we approach the situation of current markets. We look at those that are in decay, those that survive and those that persist with a renewed impetus; history and decline in the market of La Merced; the rise and the colossal infrastructure of the market of Central de Abasto; the tradition of selling products for witchcraft and herbal remedies in Mercado de Sonora; the intimate antiques of the tianguis (markets) of La Lagunilla, and the iron-clad and extravagant exuberance of tianguis of El Chopo. Take a look, come closer, what will take away with you?.

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S7.E31 ∙ La vida esta en otra parte: Crónica de una migración

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

The migration of Mexicans to the United States is a phenomenon that is already more than a century old. Although in the last few years the Mexican government has created programs that attempt to defend and protect the thousands of Mexicans who cross the border daily in search of better living conditions, the number of deaths in the swath of land around the border has risen considerably. Throughout the twentieth century life stories are repeated, just as the one presented to us in this program by Don Beto Romero.

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S7.E32 ∙ Ni princesa, ni esclava: La condición de la mujer en México

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

The current condition of women in Mexico and in the world is the fruit of many women's effort and rebelliousness throughout history. Today there are practically no spheres of life or influence from which women may find themselves absent. Their constant fight has brought with it a change in the society's views on the whole as well. In order to understand better what we are, it is necessary to know the history of the joys, dangers and battles that the women of our country have generated and continue to generate from day to day.

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S7.E33 ∙ La voz de los pobres, Ciudad de México

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

From the last century forward, the promise of progress and a better life brought a large number of rural workers to seek their fate in the city. Thus, they became an enormous army of urban poor who, without access to education, health services, potable water and dignified jobs, continue to fight against hunger and indifference on a daily basis. They play on the margins of the today's main game, the game of the free market. The poor person has neither belongings nor a place to which he or she can belong.

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S7.E34 ∙ Siete Maestros, La huella de una generación

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Between the peace and progress of the regime of Porfirianism and the clamor of the Revolution, two generations of exceptional Mexicans surfaced, headed by Alfonso Caso, José Vasconcelos, Pedro Henríquez Ureña, Alfonso Reyes, Vicente Lombardo, Daniel Cosio Villegas and Manuel Gómez Morín. Their determination to 'do something' for Mexico led them to create institutions like the Secretariat of Public Education or the Bank of Mexico. This, however, did not stop them from becoming harsh critics of the Revolution's regime or opposing its politics. In more than one sense, one would not be able to explain the Mexico of today without mentioning the contributions of these seven masters.

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S7.E35 ∙ La educación en México, Capítulo I, De los Aztecas a la República restaurada

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

Education in Mexico has always been of great importance. The Aztecs founded the Calmecac and the Tepochcalli; with the conquest, the Church took on the task of educating the ancient Mexicans under Christian precepts; after independence, liberals and conservatives coincided in the importance that education had in shaping the Mexican homeland. During these years, education was the inseparable companion of Mexico's historic process.

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S7.E36 ∙ La educación en México, Capítulo II, De la República restaurada al Cardenismo

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This documentary offers a general panorama of the main educational processes undertaken by the country between 1867 and 1940. It narrates the story of how education became a fundamental element in the process of shaping the state in Mexico, highlighting the challenges confronted as well as the diverse educational models that the country adopted.

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S7.E37 ∙ Mi primer libro, Historia de los libros de texto gratuitos

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

The Mexican Constitution dictates that education must be secular, obligatory and free. So that this may be carried out in an exact way, since 1960 children in Mexico receive, in addition to free access to classrooms, the necessary books for their education for free. The free texts have come a long way in the last 45 years. They have attracted critics and support, and on their pages one can find the mark made by important researchers, thinkers, artists, writers, pedagogues and teachers of Mexico.

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S7.E38 ∙ Universidades: Avances y retos de la Educación Superior

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

This program approaches the new reality that both public and private Mexican universities are experiencing at the beginning of the twenty-first century, as they are faced with new challenges that a globalized world with an advanced technological sophistication imposes. Through testimony given by specialists, rectors and educational authorities, professors and students, the program presents a panorama of the efforts being undertaken in order to attend to the ever growing number of students who hope to complete a university degree. Issues such as the quality of instruction provided today, as well as the priority of providing higher education to regions with the highest economic and education needs are all addressed by our interviewers in order to offer us an understanding of this part of our educational reality.

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S7.E39 ∙ Artículo 3ro., Cimiento de la educación

Wed, Dec 31, 1969

When in 1916 Venustiano Carranza convened a convention in order to establish the new Constitution that was going to rule the life of post-revolutionary Mexico, no sessions were more controversial than those that would give form to the project of education. The debates invited the participation of different social agents. The Church, parents, teachers, public officials, politicians, and legislators all have stood up since then to question, support or resist the principles established in the 3rd Article.

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