Ramesse II was one of the greatest pharaohs to rule Egypt. His reign, beginning in 1279 BC, saw stability, military success and a building programme unmatched since the construction of the Pyramids a thousand years before. But for Egyptologists, one great mystery hung over his reign. His capital city, Pi-Ramesses, the 'House of Ramesses', was known to be a large and magnificent city. But over the passage of time, it seemed to have completely vanished from history.