If the history of the Jews in Eastern Europe is a narrative of attacks on Jewish lives and communities, the half century following the Holocaust has been an attack on Jewish memory. As the Nazi army retreated, Soviet liberators began a campaign which turned synagogues into factories, cemeteries into real estate plots and abandoned Jewish sites to the mercy of time, weather, and local vandals. Now meet the keepers and creators of Jewish memory. In present day Ukraine, homegrown monuments are popping up in places that have only known silence and neglect. By fanning these small flames back to life, they are creators and re-claimers of a memory that has nearly been lost.—Anonymous