Gustav Nossal is one of Australia’s most celebrated scientists and research biologists. A pioneering researcher, his accomplishments in the field of antibody formation and immunological tolerance are world-renowned. Born in Austria with a Jewish ancestry but baptized as a Roman Catholic, he moved to Australia with his family when he was barely eight years old. Since young, Nossal aimed to become a doctor and researcher. He studied accordingly and gained a degree in medicine and science from the University of Sydney. Thereafter, he moved to Melbourne where he worked under his mentor and guide Sir Macfarlane Burnet and soon took up the latter’s position as Director of Walter and Eliza Hall of Institute of Medical Research, which he served for 31 years from 1965 to 1996. It was during this time that he made the revolutionary discovery of ‘one cell one antibody’ rule. Over the years, Nossal made noteworthy contribution in the field of medical science and research and has been felicitated with numerous prestigious honors and awards.