Description: (British Educator, Literary Critic, Poet, and Rhetorician)
I. A. Richards, an English educator, literary critic, poet, and rhetorician, made significant contributions to the New Criticism movement in literary theory. He focused on closely reading literary texts, especially poetry, to comprehend their function as self-contained aesthetic objects. Richards co-authored "The Meaning of Meaning" and wrote important texts such as "Principles of Literary Criticism," "Practical Criticism," and "The Philosophy of Rhetoric," which were instrumental in shaping the literary methodology of New Criticism.