Michel Foucault was a prominent French philosopher and historian, renowned for his profound and often controversial contributions to philosophy and social sciences. He gained both fame and notoriety, particularly after World War II, for his influential works, including "The Order of Things." Foucault was widely associated with the structuralist and post-structuralist movements in Europe, and his ideas had a significant impact not only on philosophy but also across a wide range of social sciences. His works can be broadly categorized as metaphysical and historical inquiries. Foucault sought to understand the philosophies and systems of knowledge that shaped individuals’ present realities—not only by examining their ancient origins but also by analyzing changes in their functions throughout history. One of his major contributions is the multi-volume series "The History of Sexuality," which remains a critical reference in social theory despite being incomplete. Other notable volumes in this series include "The Use of Pleasure" and "The Care of the Self." Foucault also lectured extensively on topics related to sexuality, arguing that it was both a "necessary good" and a crucial aspect of human reproduction. Tragically, his career was cut short when he died from complications related to HIV/AIDS, making him one of the first high-profile public figures in France whose death was linked to the disease.