Anne Stuart reigned as Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1702 to 1714. She faced controversy, as many considered her unfit for the throne, partly due to personal and health issues, which led to ministers in her court making most major decisions. Anne was born to James, Duke of York (later King James II), and Anne Hyde. She married Prince George of Denmark, who was emotionally distant and frequently drank heavily, leading to an unfulfilling marital life for Anne.

In 1685, King Charles II of Great Britain died, and Anne's father ascended the throne as King James II. Following James’s ousting in the Glorious Revolution of 1688, the throne passed to Anne’s older sister, Mary, and her husband, William of Orange, who ruled as co-monarchs. When William and Mary both passed away without heirs, Anne became queen in 1702. Her husband, George, showed little interest in politics or governing, leaving Anne to face criticism for her perceived weaknesses and reliance on advisors.

Anne struggled with health issues throughout her life, and her childhood friend Sarah Churchill often tried to influence her decisions. Although Anne became pregnant 17 times, she was unable to produce a surviving heir to succeed her. Only one child, William, Duke of Gloucester, lived beyond infancy, but he, too, died at age 11. Queen Anne passed away on August 1, 1714, marking the end of the Stuart dynasty.