Mehmed V Resad, better known as just Mehmed V, was the 35th Ottoman Sultan who ruled the Ottoman Empire for nine years between 1909 and 1918. Mehmed V oversaw a tough phase during his reign that was marred by multiple wars and the Ottoman coup d'état carried out by the Committee of Union and Progress. The penultimate sultan of the Ottoman Empire, he also conceded the Dodecanese Islands in the southeastern Aegean Sea to Italy after a heavy defeat in the Turco-Italian War. During his reign, the Ottoman Empire lost most of its European territories, including a major portion of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) after losing the First Balkan War against the Balkan League. Many believe Mehmed V failed as a ruler due to his willingness to rule as a constitutional emperor and giving the Committee of Union and Progress way too much power. He was known for his religious beliefs but not for his administrative prowess like his predecessors. During his reign, the Ottoman Empire declined rapidly, with the last nail on the coffin being Turkey’s defeat in World War I.