Description: (Austro-Hungarian Economic Anthropologist, Economic Sociologist and Politician)
Karl Paul Polanyi was an Austro-Hungarian economic anthropologist, economic sociologist, and politician renowned for his book The Great Transformation. He introduced the concept of the Double Movement, which underscores the tension between marketization and social protection. Polanyi also developed substantivism, emphasizing the embeddedness of economies in society and culture. His work has had a significant impact on historical sociology and the economic democracy movement. Additionally, Polanyi was politically active, founding the National Citizens' Radical Party and fleeing authoritarian regimes in Hungary and Austria. He later taught at Bennington College and Columbia University in the United States.