Jean-Paul Sartre

Description: (Novelist, Playwright, & Philosopher)

Jean-Paul Sartre was a renowned French playwright, philosopher, as well as political activist, who also influenced disciplines such as sociology and literary studies. Being an important figure both in the philosophies of existentialism and phenomenology, he is regarded as an important figure of 20th century French philosophy. Though he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1964, Sartre declined it, saying that according to him, a writer should never become an institution. The philosophy he promoted was based on his position that there is no creator and humans are “condemned to be free.” A lack of a creator, according to him, meant that there is no essence to human existence either. Being a Marxist, he was also an admirer of the Soviet Union. Though he had great enthusiasm for French political movements, he did not join the communist party. His hopes for communism were destroyed, however, when Soviet tanks entered Budapest. He not only did he condemn the act, but also criticized the French Communist Party for being like a puppet to the dictates of Moscow. Though he still believed that Marxism was the best philosophy for the present era, he said that it needed few changes, like learning to respect and value individual freedom of a human being.

Overview

Birthday June 21, 1905 (Gemini)
Born In France
Alternative names Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre
City Paris
Died on April 15, 1980
Parents Jean-Baptiste Sartre
Anne-Marie Schweitzer
Children Arlette el Kaim-Sartre

Did you know

What is Jean-Paul Sartre known for? Jean-Paul Sartre was a renowned French philosopher, playwright, novelist, and political activist known for his existentialist philosophy.
What are some key ideas in Jean-Paul Sartre's philosophy? Some key ideas in Sartre's philosophy include existentialism, freedom, responsibility, bad faith, and the concept of "existence precedes essence."
How did Jean-Paul Sartre contribute to existentialist philosophy? Sartre is considered one of the most influential figures in existentialist philosophy due to his focus on individual freedom, personal responsibility, and the idea that humans are condemned to be free to make choices in a world without inherent meaning.
What is the significance of Jean-Paul Sartre's work Being and Nothingness? Sartre's magnum opus "Being and Nothingness" explores the concepts of consciousness, existence, and the nature of reality, presenting a complex analysis of human existence and the implications of individual freedom.
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