Claudius (Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus) was the Roman emperor from 41 AD to 54 AD. As emperor, he is credited with expanding the Roman Empire to include Britain as a province. He was born the son of Nero Claudius Drusus, a popular and successful Roman general who died when Claudius was just a baby. Raised by his mother, who never remarried, he grew up as a clumsy and unattractive young man who also suffered from a limp and slight deafness. He was ostracized by his own family because of these factors and was excluded from public office. However, his infirmity proved to be a blessing in disguise, as the enemies of the noble family did not view him as a serious threat, allowing him to escape the fate of several other nobles who had been assassinated by their rivals. His ascent to the throne happened by chance. Tiberius, the second emperor of Rome, was his uncle, and when Tiberius's successor, Caligula, was assassinated in January 41 AD, Claudius was declared emperor. Despite ascending the throne late in life and lacking political experience, he proved to be an efficient administrator. He began the conquest of Britain, and his empire underwent significant expansion under his rule. Claudius was also an intellectual and a noted historian with a keen interest in books and academic study.