When the Isthmus of Panama closed four million years ago, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans became separated. Further geological events over time created a unique place that would become home to some of the most fascinating life on Earth.
Pioneer species are responsible for populating newly formed environments. It is their interaction with these fresh lands, combined with the activity of subsequent species that migrate to the region, that help ecosystems grow and flourish.
Variations in climactic conditions allow rainforests, cloud forests, and tropical dry forests to exist in Central America, and in these vibrant lands, myriad life can be found including jaguars, hummingbirds, and the Resplendent Quetzal.
Over time the Iberian Peninsula served as a land bridge whose distinct features and landscapes facilitated the existence of diverse and unique flora, fauna, and ecosystems that altogether symbolize the connection between Europe and Africa.
The forests of the Iberian Peninsula reflect the region's rich natural wealth. In the South, birds of every feather thrive, while in the North, animals familiar with life in beech and deciduous forests are found, such as wolves and bears.
The Iberian steppes are extremely ecologically important, and the wildlife here has evolved to become specialists in enduring semi-arid climactic conditions. And in the Sistema Central, life returns in abundance when the winter snow thaws.